Skip to content

Create a Singularity container from a Singularity script on a computer with Linux where you have super-user rights

There are multiple ways how to create a Singularity container.

This page shows how to do so using a computer with Linux where you have super-user rights.

Note that users have no super-user rights on our UPPMAX clusters.

Procedure

1. Save the script to a Singularity file

Save the script as a file called Singularity (this is the recommended filename for Singularity scripts).

Do you have an example Singularity script?

Yes! Here is an example Singularity script:

Bootstrap: docker
From: rocker/tidyverse

%post
    # From https://github.com/brucemoran/Singularity/blob/8eb44591284ffb29056d234c47bf8b1473637805/shub/bases/recipe.CentOs7-R_3.5.2#L21
    echo 'export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=C LC_ALL=C LC_CTYPE=C LC_COLLATE=C  LC_TIME=C LC_MONETARY=C LC_PAPER=C LC_MEASUREMENT=C' >> $SINGULARITY_ENVIRONMENT

    Rscript -e 'install.packages(c("remotes", "devtools"))'
    Rscript -e 'remotes::install_github("bmbolstad/preprocessCore")'

%runscript
Rscript "$@"

2. Build the Singularity container

Here is how you create a Singularity container called my_container.sif from the Singularity script:

sudo singularity build my_container.sif Singularity

Which will build a Singularity container called my_container.sif.

How does that look like?

You output will be similar to this:

richel@richel-N141CU:~/temp$ sudo singularity build my_container.sif Singularity 
INFO:    Starting build...
INFO:    Fetching OCI image...
307.6MiB / 307.6MiB [================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
30.9MiB / 30.9MiB [==================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
28.2MiB / 28.2MiB [==================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
261.1MiB / 261.1MiB [================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
193.7MiB / 193.7MiB [================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
26.3MiB / 26.3MiB [==================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
288.7KiB / 288.7KiB [================================================================================================================================================] 100 % 0.0 b/s 0s
INFO:    Extracting OCI image...
INFO:    Inserting Singularity configuration...
INFO:    Running post scriptlet
+ echo export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=C LC_ALL=C LC_CTYPE=C LC_COLLATE=C  LC_TIME=C LC_MONETARY=C LC_PAPER=C LC_MEASUREMENT=C
+ Rscript -e install.packages(c("remotes", "devtools"))
Installing packages into ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
trying URL 'https://p3m.dev/cran/__linux__/jammy/latest/src/contrib/remotes_2.5.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'binary/octet-stream' length 436043 bytes (425 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 425 KB

trying URL 'https://p3m.dev/cran/__linux__/jammy/latest/src/contrib/devtools_2.4.5.tar.gz'
Content type 'binary/octet-stream' length 435688 bytes (425 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 425 KB

* installing *binary* package ‘remotes’ ...
* DONE (remotes)
* installing *binary* package ‘devtools’ ...
* DONE (devtools)

The downloaded source packages are in
 ‘/tmp/Rtmpow1CFQ/downloaded_packages’
+ Rscript -e remotes::install_github("bmbolstad/preprocessCore")
Downloading GitHub repo bmbolstad/preprocessCore@HEAD
── R CMD build ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  checking for file ‘/tmp/Rtmpx5C1XE/remotes13a1238df5bce/bmbolstad-preprocessCore-33ccbd9/DESCRIPTION’ (337ms)
  preparing ‘preprocessCore’:
  checking DESCRIPTION meta-information ...
  cleaning src
  running ‘cleanup’
  checking for LF line-endings in source and make files and shell scripts
  checking for empty or unneeded directories
  building ‘preprocessCore_1.61.0.tar.gz’

Installing package into ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
* installing *source* package ‘preprocessCore’ ...
** using staged installation
'config' variable 'CPP' is defunct
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for library containing pthread_create... none required
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes
checking if PTHREAD_STACK_MIN is defined... yes
checking if R is using flexiblas... flexiblas not found. preprocessCore threading will not be disabled
configure: Enabling threading for preprocessCore
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating src/Makevars
** libs
using C compiler: ‘gcc (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.4.0’
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c R_colSummarize.c -o R_colSummarize.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c R_plmd_interfaces.c -o R_plmd_interfaces.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c R_plmr_interfaces.c -o R_plmr_interfaces.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c R_rlm_interfaces.c -o R_rlm_interfaces.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c R_subColSummarize.c -o R_subColSummarize.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c R_subrcModel_interfaces.c -o R_subrcModel_interfaces.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c avg.c -o avg.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c avg_log.c -o avg_log.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c biweight.c -o biweight.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c init_package.c -o init_package.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c lm.c -o lm.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c log_avg.c -o log_avg.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c log_median.c -o log_median.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c matrix_functions.c -o matrix_functions.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c median.c -o median.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c median_log.c -o median_log.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c medianpolish.c -o medianpolish.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c plmd.c -o plmd.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c plmr.c -o plmr.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c psi_fns.c -o psi_fns.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c qnorm.c -o qnorm.o
qnorm.c: In function ‘qnorm_c_l’:
qnorm.c:595:63: warning: format ‘%d’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘size_t’ {aka ‘long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=]
  595 |          error("ERROR; return code from pthread_join(thread #%d) is %d, exit status for thread was %d\n",
      |                                                              ~^
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               int
      |                                                              %ld
  596 |                i, returnCode, *((int *) status));
      |                ~                                               
      |                |
      |                size_t {aka long unsigned int}
qnorm.c:616:63: warning: format ‘%d’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘size_t’ {aka ‘long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=]
  616 |          error("ERROR; return code from pthread_join(thread #%d) is %d, exit status for thread was %d\n",
      |                                                              ~^
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               int
      |                                                              %ld
  617 |                i, returnCode, *((int *) status));
      |                ~                                               
      |                |
      |                size_t {aka long unsigned int}
qnorm.c: In function ‘qnorm_c_determine_target_l’:
qnorm.c:2004:63: warning: format ‘%d’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘size_t’ {aka ‘long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=]
 2004 |          error("ERROR; return code from pthread_join(thread #%d) is %d, exit status for thread was %d\n",
      |                                                              ~^
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               int
      |                                                              %ld
 2005 |                i, returnCode, *((int *) status));
      |                ~                                               
      |                |
      |                size_t {aka long unsigned int}
qnorm.c: In function ‘qnorm_c_determine_target_via_subset_l’:
qnorm.c:2604:63: warning: format ‘%d’ expects argument of type ‘int’, but argument 2 has type ‘size_t’ {aka ‘long unsigned int’} [-Wformat=]
 2604 |          error("ERROR; return code from pthread_join(thread #%d) is %d, exit status for thread was %d\n",
      |                                                              ~^
      |                                                               |
      |                                                               int
      |                                                              %ld
 2605 |                i, returnCode, *((int *) status));
      |                ~                                               
      |                |
      |                size_t {aka long unsigned int}
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c rlm.c -o rlm.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c rlm_anova.c -o rlm_anova.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c rlm_se.c -o rlm_se.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c rma_background4.c -o rma_background4.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c rma_common.c -o rma_common.o
gcc -I"/usr/local/lib/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I/usr/local/include  -I/usr/local/include   -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE_URL=\"\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DUSE_PTHREADS=1 -fpic  -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c weightedkerneldensity.c -o weightedkerneldensity.o
gcc -shared -L/usr/local/lib/R/lib -L/usr/local/lib -o preprocessCore.so R_colSummarize.o R_plmd_interfaces.o R_plmr_interfaces.o R_rlm_interfaces.o R_subColSummarize.o R_subrcModel_interfaces.o avg.o avg_log.o biweight.o init_package.o lm.o log_avg.o log_median.o matrix_functions.o median.o median_log.o medianpolish.o plmd.o plmr.o psi_fns.o qnorm.o rlm.o rlm_anova.o rlm_se.o rma_background4.o rma_common.o weightedkerneldensity.o -llapack -lblas -lgfortran -lm -lquadmath -L/usr/local/lib/R/lib -lR
installing to /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/00LOCK-preprocessCore/00new/preprocessCore/libs
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
** help
*** installing help indices
** building package indices
** testing if installed package can be loaded from temporary location
** checking absolute paths in shared objects and dynamic libraries
** testing if installed package can be loaded from final location
** testing if installed package keeps a record of temporary installation path
* DONE (preprocessCore)
INFO:    Adding runscript
INFO:    Creating SIF file...
INFO:    Build complete: my_container.sif

3. Use the container

How to use a container, depends on what it does.

Here are some thing to try:

Run the container without arguments, in the hope of getting a clear error message with instructions:

./my_container.sif

Run the container in the hope of seeing its documentation:

./my_container.sif --help

Run the container on the local folder, in the hope of getting a clear error message with instructions:

./my_container.sif .